Compound · armodafinil
T1Pharmaceutical

Armodafinil

R-enantiomer of modafinil, responsible for the majority of the parent compound wakefulness-promoting activity. Same DAT inhibition and orexin modulation as racemic modafinil but with a longer effective duration due to slower clearance of the R-isomer. Higher plasma concentrations later in the dosing interval compared to modafinil.

Half-life
15 hours
Bioavailability
~80% (oral)
Route
oral
Evidence tier
T1 — Multiple RCTs
Optimization pillars
recovery
References
2 peer-reviewed
Dose ranges

Three tiers ordered by aggressiveness. Tier chips on every OPTIMIZE intervention let you filter the catalog by your evidence tolerance.

conservative
50–75 mg/day
Cognitive enhancement
moderate
75–150 mg/day
Standard wakefulness dosing
aggressive
150–250 mg/day
Max approved dosing
Monitoring
  • alt
  • ast
  • creatinine
  • egfr
Contraindications
  • hypersensitivity-to-modafinil
  • severe-hepatic-impairment
  • left-ventricular-hypertrophy
References
  • PMID:19663523Armodafinil: a review of its use in the management of excessive sleepinessCNS Drugs, 2009
  • PMID:20559064A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of armodafinil for excessive sleepinessJ Clin Sleep Med, 2010
Notes

Armodafinil exists because pharmaceutical companies discovered they could patent a single enantiomer of a molecule going off-patent. That is the business case. The pharmacological case is more nuanced. The R-enantiomer maintains higher late-day plasma levels than racemic modafinil, which means more sustained wakefulness without increasing the morning peak. For people who find modafinil wears off by 2pm, armodafinil at a lower milligram dose may extend the effective window. The clinical difference is real but modest. Choose based on your pharmacokinetic needs, not marketing.

This is not medical advice

Discuss with a licensed clinician before starting, stopping, or changing any compound. This page documents what the research literature describes — it is not a prescription.

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